Welcome brothers and sister
in our fourth lesson which will be about
PAST PARTICIPLE
All verbs, whether regular or irregular
have five forms often called principal parts.
These forms are the infinitive
simple present
simple past
past participle
and present participle.
جميع الأفعال سواء كانت قياسية أم غير قياسية
لها خمسة أشكال تسمى الأجزاء الرئيسية
هذه الأشكال هي
المصدر، المضارع البسيط، الماضي البسيط، اسم المفعول والحاضر النعت
The difference between a regular and an irregular verb is
the formation of the simple past and past participle.
Regular verbs are dependably consistent the simple past ends
in ed as does the past participle
الفرق بين الفعل القياسي وغير القياسي
هو تكوين الفعل الماضي والمفعول
الأفعال القياسية تنتهي بزيادة حرفي ed وكذلك بالنسبة للمفعول
Examlpes
to start ( infintive ) = started ( simple past ) = started ( past participle )
to walk ( infintive ) = walked ( simple past ) = walked ( past participle )
to wash ( infintive ) = washed ( simple past ) = washed ( past participle )
The past participle will be important in future lessons
covering the perfect tenses.
To form the past participle in English
we add ed to the infinitive of regular verbs.
as the examples mentioned above.
لتكوين اسم المفعول في اللغة الإنجليزية
نضيف ed للمصدر للفعل القياسي كما في الأمثلة السابقة
In contrast, the simple past and past participle of irregular verbs
can end in a variety of ways
with absolutely no consistent pattern
في المقابل الفعل الماضي البيسط والمفعول في الأفعال غير القياسية
ينتهي بطرق مختلفة مع نمط ثابت
Here are some examples
to drive ( infintive ) = drove ( simple past ) = driven ( past participle )
to feel ( infintive ) = felt ( simple past ) = felt ( past participle )
to put ( infintive ) = put ( simple past ) = put ( past participle )
Writers make two frequent errors with irregular verbs.
They either add an incorrect ed to the end of an irregular verb
or accidentally interchange the simple past and past participle.
الكتاب غالبا ما يكررون خطأين مع الأفعال غير القياسية
إما أن يضيفوا ed للفعل
أو يعكسون بين الفعل الماضي البيسط والمفعول
Read this sentence:
Amjad feeledlike exercising yesterday, so he putted on his cloths and drived to the beach, where he swum so far
What are the problems with this sentence?
First, feeled should be felt ( add ed to the irregular verb). Next, putted needs to be put ( add ed to the irregular verb)
The correct past tense of drive is drove.
And we must change swum to swam
(past participle )
To avoid making mistakes with irregular verbs
learn the very long list which I prepared in this link
لتجنب هذه الأخطاء تعلم القائمة الطويلة
من الأفعال غير القياسية الموجودة على هذا الرابط
هنــــــــا HERE
In addition to learning the list of irregular verbs
you must also understand the difference between
the simple past and past participle
بالإضافى إلى تعلم هذه الأفعال
علينا أن تعلم الفرق بين
الفعل الماضي البسيط والمفعول
A simple past tense verb always has just one part.
You don't need auxiliary verb to form this tense
جملة الماضي البسيط لها جزء واحد فقط
ولا تحتاج إلى فعل مساعد
Look at these examples:
Last night I felt hungry so I ate the ice cream which was in the fridge.
Noor went to the university library yesterday to bring some books from there
Many multipart verbs, however
require the past participle after one or more auxiliary verbs.
المفعول يحتاج فعل مساعد واحد أو أكثر
Read these sentences:
Once Qareaa has written her essay. She plans to reward herself with a packet of chocolate
has = auxiliary verb
written = past participle
Sadeem might have slept better if she hadn't watched Horror movie.
might + have = auxiliary verbs
slept = past participle
For regular verbs
knowing the distinction between the simple past and past participle
is unnecessary because both are identical.
في الأفعال القياسية معرفة الفرق بين
الفعل الماضي والمفعول غير مهم لأن كلاهما متطابق
Check out these two sentences:
Suliman studied at the university in 2007.
Suliman had studied at the university before he found job.
When you choose an irregular verb for a sentence
however, the simple past and past participle are often different
so you must know the distinction.
في الأفعال غير القياسية
الماضي والمفعول غالبا مختلفان
لذا يجب معرفة الفرق بينهما
Here are two examples:
We went to city center yesterday.
We had gone to city center when my mother arrived.
In addition, past participles can function as adjectives in sentences
describing other words.
When you use a past participle in this manner
you must choose the correct form.
بالإضافة إلى ذلك يعمل المفعول كصفات في الجملة لوصف الكلمة
في حالة استخدام المفعول في هذه الحالة عليك اختيار التركيب المناسب
Read these sentences:
The mathematics exams given by Dr. Ahmmed are so difficult
The written letter was torn by her baby
That is the end of our lesson
Remember that if you have any questions
feel free to ask and never feel shy
Best wishes
